The ruler felt this dance was losing its Sufi touch and was becoming too sensual and hence amoral for the society. Then, in 1920s Hafiz Nagma was banned officially in Kashmir by the ruling Dogra Maharaja. Kashmiris believe that Mughal Emperor Akbar, in an attempt to counter manly valor of its people and remove any possible future trouble, decree-forced Kashmiri men to were feminine gown like dresses - pheran. To accomplish it, he enforced the men to dress up like the women, to prevent them from disclosing their heroism and bravery. After Kashmir was captured by Akbar, he wanted to diminish the gallantry of the men residing in the place. A belief among the locals is that the concept of boys dancing in female attire had a historical significance which dates back during the rule of the Mughal emperor Akbar. This dance form was eventually replaced by the Bacha Nagma, with different reasons given for this happening. These dancers were much celebrated at weddings and festivals. Its performance was similar to Bacha Nagma, and the songs were usually set to Sufi lyrics or Sufia Kalam, but the dancer who performed on these songs was always female and known as Hafiza. Īnother dance form is known as the Hafiz Nagma- ‘Female dancer’s Song’ was prevalent before the Bacha Nagma. However, it gradually gained popularity among the people and is now being performed at social gatherings, parties, and get-togethers, as well as during religious occasions and festivals. The history of the Bacha Nagma folk dance form says that the dance evolved many years ago as a dance form that was being performed during the harvest season to celebrate the joy of harvesting. These arts survived only in folk forms and were performed principally at marriage ceremonies. When Islam was introduced in the 14th century, dancing and theatrical arts were suppressed, being contrary to a strict interpretation of the Qurʾān. At one time the classical dances of the south are believed to have been practiced. Kashmir was predominantly populated by Muslims and has remained aloof from the main cultural currents of India, but the ancient caves and temples of Kashmir reveal a strong link with Indian culture at the beginning of the Common Era. The valley of Kashmir is appreciated for its rich culture and the various folk dance forms which can still be seen. Combined altogether means the child's dance. Ultimately from Sanskrit वत्स ( vatsa, "boy, child, son"), from which Hindi बछड़ा ( bachṛā, "calf, child, boy") is derived and Nagma: From Urdu ناجما, Hindi: नघमा meaning a melody or a tune. The term "Bacha Nagma" is derived from two different words, Bacha: From Persian بچه ( bačče). Before the Bacha Nagma, another type of celebration was much more popular - Hafiz Nagma, ‘Female dancer’s song’. The Bacha Nagma dance has still existed as a folk dance form and is considered one of the prime components of the Kashmiri culture. With the passage of time, there come up in many ways by which people entertain themselves. This folk dance form was one of the most prevalent ways of entertainment in the old days. The audience is entertained by the rejoicing movements of the performers accompanied by very loud music. too, The dance is also conducted during festivals and religious occasions. This dance occupies a very special place in the folklore of Kashmir and is performed during parties where people socialize with each other. The dancer is known as The Bacha - the Kid - usually a thin and graceful boy/man who dances, sometimes comically, is always attired like a woman in a multi-colored frock-like dress. The song-dance proceeding is known as Bach Nagma Jashan - Kid Dancer's Celebration. It involves quick spinning movements just like in the Hafiza dance form and some may even resemble those of kathak. It is accompanied by instruments like rabab, sarangi, and drums. This dance form is much appreciated and has the ability to engage large audiences. Bacha Nagma is common in Kashmir during wedding celebrations and when the wedding processions are taken out on boats on the Jhelum river. It is also popular for being performed in social gatherings and parties by young boys who disguise themselves as women in long skirts. This dance is popular in the villages, mainly at the harvest time. During the Bacha Nagma, a teenaged boy dressed as a girl dancer, who is trained in the Hafiza style of dancing sings Kashmiri Ballad and dances. Afghans of Kabul are credited with the parentage of this dance. It is also referred to as Bacha Gyavaun in certain parts of Kashmir. A 'Bacha' performing Bacha Nagma with his fellow dancersīacha Nagma is one of the major folk dance forms found in the Kashmir valley.
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